What's the difference between qualifying with 12 months versus 24 months of bank statements — LTV, pricing, and expense factors?

I don't have the specific bank statement guideline excerpts in front of me to compare 12-month versus 24-month programs by name, so I can't respond with the precise LTV caps, pricing adjustments, and expense factor percentages you're asking about — those figures genuinely do vary by investor and I won't invent numbers that aren't documented. That said, here's the general framework that applies across most Non-QM bank statement programs. Lenders typically allow either 12 or 24 months of personal or business bank statements to calculate qualifying income, with 24-month programs generally treated as lower risk since they demonstrate a longer track record of consistent deposits. This often translates into more favorable pricing (lower rate add-ons) and sometimes higher maximum LTV allowances compared to 12-month documentation, though not every investor differentiates LTV by statement length — some hold LTV constant and only adjust price. Expense factors — the percentage used to back out business costs when business bank statements are used instead of personal — also vary by investor and sometimes by industry type, with some allowing borrower-provided CPA letters to override the default factor. Because these variables (LTV caps, price adjusters, expense factor defaults) differ meaningfully investor to investor, always confirm against the current rate sheet and guideline matrix for the specific program you're using before quoting terms to a borrower.